Article
Article name Experience of buildings’ exploiting on permafrost in Тransbaikal region
Authors Babello V.. doctor of technical sciences, associate professor, babellovictor@mail.ru
Stetyukha V.. ,
Bibliographic description Babello V., Mersheeva M., Stetjukha V. Experience of buildings’ exploiting on permafrost in Transbaikal region // Transbaikal State University Journal, 2017, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 4-11. DOI: 10.21209/2227-9245-2017- 23-11-4-11.
Category Earth science
DOI 624.139.6
DOI 10.21209/2227-9245-2017-23-11-4-11
Article type Original article
Annotation The article presents the results of a survey of three objects erected in the Transbaikal Region on sites with permafrost. The survey of grounds and assessment of damages of the above-ground structures of buildings are carried out in accordance with the codes of rules SP 13-102-2003, SP 11-105-97, Part IV. The results of engineering and geological surveys conducted before the development of the buildings’ projects and after several years of their operation are compared. Significant changes in the boundaries of the location of permafrost soils in the foundations of buildings as compared with the design ones are detected. The formation under the buildings of the bowls of thawing of a complex configuration is established. For the two examined objects, the situation is complicated by deviations from projects in the production of works. Based on the results of the surveys, a conclusion was drawn on the need for a comprehensive solution of the problem by preventing further development of uneven sediments of the foundations and increasing bearing capacity of the base. The problem is solved in conditions of increased uneven compressibility of thawing permafrost soils, variety of complicating engineering-geological and technogenic factors in the operation of facilities. To eliminate deformations in structures that have frozen permafrost in the ground, it is suggested to use reinforcement of the base with geosynthetic materials, injecting into the soil compositions that increase physical and mechanical characteristics of the soil, and use thermal insulation materials to protect permafrost from thawing
Key words permafrost; properties; deformation; thawing; engineering and geological surveys; building inspection; pile; engineering protection; geosynthetic materials; reinforcement ведение. Строительство и эксплуатация зданий и сооружений в условиях распространения многолетнемерзлых грунтов (далее — ММГ) часто приводят к активизации процессов, связанных с деградацией ММГ, аварийному состоянию объектов. В Забайкальском крае ситуация осложняется наличием высокотемпературных (-0,1... -0,5 °С) ММГ со сложным характером их залегания. Деградация таких ММГ приводит к значительным деформациям грунтов оснований зданий [2; 13; 14]. Опыт эксплуатации показывает, что для зданий и сооружений, возведенных на площадках со сложными инженерно-геологическими условиями, со временем создается угроза их разрушения [5—7; 8; 10; 12; 15]. Согласно Я. А. Кроник [4], при обследовании в 90-х гг. XX в. подобных зданий в г. Чита установлено, что 60 % из них находятся в аварийном состоянии. В Забайкальском крае в связи с наличием высокотемпературных ММГ в основном используют второй принцип строительства на вечномерзлых грунтах, предусматривающий оттаивание грунтов основания в период эксплуатации объекта или предпостроечное оттаивание. Как известно, в реальных условиях оттаивание ММГ в основаниях зданий происходит неравномерно. Попадание воды техногенного происхождения и повышение температуры на участках поверхности основания ускоряют оттаивание ММГ в отдельных зонах. В результате под фундаментами возникают деформации основания, которые приводят
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