| Annotation |
Gold deposits, both ore and placer, which form the basis of the modern mineral resource base of this precious metal, are characterized mainly by submicron forms of its location and the complex material composition of mineral raw materials, which determine its overall technological tenacity. In the article, it is proposed to solve the problem of leaching encapsulated and dispersed, chemically bound gold, which are its difficult-to-recover, and therefore persistent forms of being in the mineral substance, using peroxy carbonate-cyanide and peroxy carbonate-chloride reagent complexes.
The proposed complexes are clustered structures formed in technological solutions by combining electrochemical and photochemical treatment of solutions of the corresponding initial reagents. At the same time, the presence of a peroxide group in such synthesized metastable cluster structures causes their generation of collectivized highly active protons that transform the generalized electronic shells of cluster formations in the mineral substance, providing an increase in their reactivity when interacting with hydrated complex agents. The use of activated solutions containing peroxide groups before the introduction of solutions with complex agents for gold into the mineral mass allows for the material-structural transformation of the mineral substance, including the oxidation of carbonaceous matter, sulfur and metalloidoids, as well as the formation of micro-defects of crystal lattices of gold-concentrating minerals. At the same time, in some cases, the interaction of these groups with divalent iron, which is part of the corresponding minerals, intensifies the process of their transformation with the formation of hydroxyl radicals and active protons.
An overview of the results of experiments and pilot tests using leaching of complex forms of gold from ores, placer sands and technogenically transformed mineral raw materials with peroxy carbonate-cyanide and peroxy carbonate-chloride solutions is given
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