| Annotation |
Abstract. From the point of view of the sustainable development of regions in changing environmental conditions, it is of interest to analyze the dynamics of precipitation and surface air temperature, and later to build a model and predict their changes for the coming years.
The climate of the high-mountainous part of the North Caucasus should be investigated due to the fact that it is continuously developing as an excursion-tourist, alpine skiing, mountaineering and balneological center not only of the Caucasus, but of the whole world. In this regard, we have analyzed the weather conditions in the high mountains of the Caucasus, carried out using data obtained at the weather station, installed in the Upper Balkaria gorge at an altitude of 1049 meters above sea level from 2010 to 2017
The authors have measured the surface air temperature and the amount of precipitation twice a day: at 6 o\'clock and 18 o\'clock.
As the meteorological parameters characterizing the regime of surface air temperature, the minimum, average and maximum air temperatures were used monthly and seasonally, and data on the amount of precipitation were used in different seasons of the year. The results are presented in the table and in histograms.
It is revealed that the warmest months are July and August, and the coldest months are January and February. The coldest was 2011, and the warmest one was 2010. The maximum amount of precipitation falls in June, July and May, and the minimum in February, November and December. The largest amount of precipitation fell in 2013, and the smallest - in 2017.
Based on the data analysis, a climatogram was constructed for the Upper Balkaria gorge from 2010 to 2017 and it identified the type of climate for this region. It is concluded that in the Upper Balkar gorge the climate belongs to the temperate climate zone.
The obtained results can be used to determine the transformation of agro-climatic resources of the mountain and high-mountain zones of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, which is necessary to solve the problem of adapting the production of agricultural products, as well as for balneological purposes of improving the human body.
Also, these results can be used in determining the strategy of sustainable development of the region, taking into account the impact of global climate warming on natural-ecological and socio-economic processes.
|
| References |
References
1. Barry R. G. Pogoda i klimat v gorah (Weather and climate in the mountains). Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1984. 311 p.
2. Batova V. M. Ekologicheskie problemy Severnogo Kavkaza i Nizhnego Dona: sbornik nauchnyh statey (Ecological problems of the North Caucasus and the Lower Don: collected scientific articles), Rostov on Don: Publishing house Rostov University Press 1990, pp. 84–95.
3. Budyko M. I., Efimova N. A., Strokina L. A. Meteorologiya i gidrologiya (Meteorology and Hydrology), 1999, no. 12, pp. 5–12.
4. Vtoroy otsenochny doklad Rosgidrometa ob izmenenii klimata i ih posledstviyah na territorii Rossiyskoy Federatsii: obshchee rezyume (The second assessment report of Roshydromet on climate change and their consequences in the Russian Federation: general summary). URL: http://www.cc.voeikovmgo.ru/images/dokymenty/2016/od2/od2.pdf (Date of access: 18.05.2019). Text: electronic.
5. Gazaev H.-M. M., Bozieva Zh. Ch. Vestnik Vladikavkazskogo nauchnogo tsentra (Bulletin of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center), 2018, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 47–51.
6. Gazaev H.-M. M., Bozieva Zh. Ch., Agoeva E. A. Monitoring sostoyaniya prirodnyh kompleksov i mnogoletnie issledovaniya na osobo ohranyaemyh prirodnyh territoriyah: materialy nauch.-prakt. konf (Monitoring of the state of natural complexes and long-term studies in specially protected natural territories: materials of the scientific-practical. conf.). Shushenskoe, 2016, pp. 45–48.
7. Granilshchikov Yu. V. Chegem, Tviber, Bezengi (Chegem, Twiber, Bezengi). Moscow: Physical education and sport. 1986. 158 p.
8. Zalikhanov M. Ch. Snezhno-lavinny rezhim i perspektivy osvoeniya gor Bolshogo Kavkaza (Snow-avalanche regime and prospects for the development of the mountains of the Big Caucasus). Moscow: Official and Business Russia, 2014. 612 p.
9. Kerefov K. N., Fiapshev B. Kh. Prirodnye zony i poyasa Kabardino-Balkarskoy ASSR (Natural zones and belts of the Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic). Nalchik, 1977. 71 p.
10. Onishchenko V. V., Salpagarov D. S., Salpagarov A. D. Otsenka ekologicheskogo sostoyaniya gornyh i predgornyh ekosistem Kavkaza: sbornik nauchnyh trudov (Assessment of the ecological state of the mountain and foothill ecosystems of the Caucasus: collected scientific papers). Stavropol, 2000, pp. 11–28.
11. Otsenochny doklad ob izmeneniyah klimata i ih posledstviyah na territorii RF. T. 2. Posledstviya izmeneniya klimata (Assessment report on climate change and its consequences on the territory of the Russian Federation. Vol. 2. The effects of climate change). Moscow: Roshydromet, 2008. 288 p.
12. Otsenochny doklad ob izmeneniyah klimata i ih posledstviyah na territorii RF: obshchee rezyume. Moskva: Rosgidromet, 2008 (Assessment report on climate change and its consequences in the Russian Federation: general summary. Moscow: Roshydromet, 2008). URL: http://www.aari.ru/resources/m0035/cd_climate_2008/v2008/pdf/resume_ob.pdf / (Date of access: 20.11.2018). Text: electronic.
13. Panov V. D., Psareva T. V. Katalog lednikov SSSR. T. 8: Severny Kavkaz (Catalogue of the USSR Glaciers. Vol. 8: North Caucasus). Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1973. 96 p.
14. Barros V. R., Field C. B., Dokken D. J., Mastrandrea M. D., Mach K. J., Bilir T. E., Chatterjee M., Ebi K. L., Estrada Y. O., Genova R. C., Girma B., Kissel E. S., Levy A. N., MacCracken S., Mastrandrea P. R., White L. L. Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part B: regional aspects. Contribution of working group II to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental panel on climate change (Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part B: regional aspects. Contribution of working group II to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental panel on climate change). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; New York, 2014. 1132 p.
15. Kohler T., Maselli D. Mountains and climate change. From understanding to action (Mountains and climate change. From understanding to action). Switzerland: University of Bern, 2009. 78 p.
|
