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The purpose of this article is to identify current trends in the change of climatic factors in the river runoff formation within the watershed of lake Baikal and the catchment areas of the Selenga, Upper Angara and Barguzin rivers, which are the largest tributaries of the lake.
According to NCEP / NCAR reanalysis databases, trends in surface air temperature and precipitation amounts have been determined. The results of the study show a statistically significant trend towards a decrease in annual precipitation. There was a reduction of annual rainfall by 8,7 mm per decade in the lake Baikal catchment, by 10.6 mm per decade within the Selenga river basin, and by 7,1 and 7,0 mm per decade within the catchment areas of the Barguzin and Upper Angara rivers, respectively. The average amount of precipitation for the lake Baikal watershed for 1993–2015 was decreased by 10 % compared with the value for the period from 1948 to 1970. Within the lake Baikal basin, there was a decrease in the monthly amount of precipitation in almost all the months of the year. The most significant changes, expressed in the decrease in monthly long-term mean precipitation amounts by 8,2, 12,0 and 6,8 mm, were observed in July, August, and September, respectively.
After 1970, within the studied watersheds, there was a statistically significant trend toward an increase in the mean surface air temperature by 0,3…0,4 °C per decade. The average air temperature within the lake Baikal watershed has increased by more than 2 ºC in February, April, and November. In general, the average long-term air temperature in 1993-2015 increased compared with this indicator for the period from 1948 to 1970 at 1,5 ºC within the catchment area of the Barguzin river and by 1,3 ºC within the basins of the Selenga and Upper Angara rivers, as well as the entire lake watershed
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