| Annotation |
The development prospects and priorities of the gold mining industry in the Transbaikal region are considered. It is shown that the increase in gold production in the region should be associated with the following areas: increasing the depth of development of gold ore facilities to 1.5 km or more; introduction of highly efficient geotechnologies for the extraction and processing of ore-placer and technogenic raw materials, including its technological and economic reassessment; introduction of volunteer bringing; improvement of the regulatory framework of the gold mining industry, creation of centers (consortium) for geological prospecting, exploration and operational work of ore-placer sites, with government regulation of the gold mining industry and the revival of the geological service. Such centers of gold mining should be, first of all, Baleysky, Mogochinsky, Darasunsky.
It was noted that innovative geotechnologies are necessary, first of all, for the extraction of fine “refractory” gold, which accounts for up to 47% in ores of Russia’s deposits (according to expert estimates of the Gold Union Producers of the Russian Federation). A notable feature of placer deposits is indicated - gold growth (hydrogenic gold), which makes up a considerable share of placer reserves, which suggests a recovery and some inexhaustible reserves.
One more feature of the gold ore deposits is designated - the combination of geological, industrial and formation types of ores in uniform structures. The location (synergy) of large sulphide (gold-quartz-sulphide) and oxide (gold-quartz) types of ores in single or accompanying structures indicates the existence of long-lasting (tens and hundreds of millions of years) ore-forming systems, having deep roots, in which sulfide and oxide systems are separated in the process of evolution and differentiation. Gold deposit occurs in a wide range of temperatures, from 80 ... 100 to 600 ... 650 ° C. It is indicated that such a combination of different types of ores proves the presence of energy centers in the depths of the earth, “hot” points that are usually located at the intersection of large faults, and mineralization is fixed at depths of 2.5 ... 3 km or more, i.e. vertical magnitude of mineralization is very significant. Placement of productive horizons at different levels of ore-igneous columns, their multi-tiering has a distinct prognostic nature and indicates significant prospects for mineralization at depth.
It was concluded that it is necessary to foresee the construction of a metallurgical enterprise in the region with the production of the final product from gold mining concentrates and complex gold ores. When performing these aims, it is quite possible to increase gold production in Transbaikalia to 20 tons or more
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